From my understanding, it was a shock because many Americans didn't fully realize that 1)Japan was a serious threat and 2)the fact that America could be attacked, especially since they technically were not involved in the conflict. Across the nation, Americans were stunned, shocked, and angered. I think so! The exterminator claims to be the ____ expert on insect control in the tri-state region. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. With such a genealogy, of course, it was only natural that Japan should rule the rest of Asia. The Japanese militarys instincts, supported by a succession of victorious conflicts against numerically superior foes, was to strike out. Midway was claimed by the United States on August 28, 1867 long before the attack on Pearl Harbor. The Japanese military had its sights set on grabbing more Chinese territory. In May 1940, the United States had made Pearl Harbor the main base for its Pacific Fleet. The attack killed 2,403 service members and wounded 1,178 more, and sank or destroyed. This ultra-nationalism arose in Japan at the same time that similar movements were taking hold in the recently unified European nations of Italy and Germany, where they would develop into Fascism and Nazism. Direct link to Luke Buttry's post Why didn't the US go to w, Posted 3 years ago. How did Hitler's Nazi ideology affect the political geography of Europe? These factors were: Fear of outside aggression Growing Japanese nationalism Need for natural resources Japan's fear of outside aggression stemmed in large part from its experience with western imperial powers, beginning with the arrival of Commodore Matthew Perry and an American naval squadron in Tokyo Bay in 1853. or is it true to this day? HISTORY.com works with a wide range of writers and editors to create accurate and informative content. What motivated a formerly reclusive island nation to go on such a rampage? What damage did the U.S. military inflict on the Japanese? Japanese-Americans were arrested, and incarcerated after Pearl Harbor, into prison's called internment camps, roughly 120,000 in the US mainland, and about 1800 in Hawaii. Szczepanski, Kallie. The short answer is that it is one of intelligence failures and underestimating the Japanese - but as noted above the hawks in the American military, as well as President Franklin Delano Roosevelt,. Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, Joseph Stalin. It promised economic prosperity and political strength by instilling a strong sense of nationalism. The immediate purpose of Japan's attack on the United States in 1941 was to destroy the U.S. Pacific Fleet. to secure natural resources for its growing economy and military. The immediate purpose of Japans attack on the United States in 1941 was to destroy the U.S. Pacific Fleet. President Roosevelt moved the US Pacific Fleet from California to Pearl Harbor in 1939. Here is one great reason for Japan's superiority." Despite the setback, Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, commander of the Imperial Japanese Navy, was convinced his forces enjoyed a numerical advantage over the Americans. The fall of France promoted the American people's acceptance of the Lend-Lease Act. a. Pearl Harbor Warbirds offers the best Hawaii flight adventure tours available. Faced with overwhelming force and superior military technology, the Tokugawa shogun had no option but to capitulate and sign an unequal treaty with the U.S. So Japanese troops were free to invade southern. Which was the mass killing of Chinese citizens by the Imperial Japanese Army in 1937? Undeniably, the U.S. oil embargo had backed Imperial Japan into a corner. The surprise attack on Pearl Harbor by the Japanese led the United States to enter World War II. Because of the oil embargo, the Japanese knew the US would militarily oppose Japan's planned expansion in the Pacific. Many people also took any attack such as pearl Harbor, very personal. english 11b - unit 3: she's a mystery to me, American History B- Lesson 15/Unit 3 Exam, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, Donald Kagan, Frank M. Turner, Steven Ozment. A week after having signed the Molotov-Ribbentrop pact, on September 1, 1939, Nazi Germany invaded its zone of influence in Poland. Why were the United States Pacific Fleet and other military installations caught off guard? But the Pearl Harbor attack had failed in its objective to completely destroy the Pacific Fleet. Which best defines the "stab in the back" myth? Direct link to desper8enuf's post I have read many other ar, Posted 4 years ago. Why did the United States and other countries enforce a ban on the export of iron, steel, and fuel to Japan in the 1930s? What was the name of the military strategy used by the Nazi army for a quick victory? In the belly of the bomber was "Little Boy," an atomic bomb. Moreover, America was ill-inclined towards Tokyo due to increasing reports of Japanese atrocities which included massacres such as the rape of Nanjing and the operational testing of biological weapons on Chinese civilians. As the United Kingdom was tied down fighting Nazi Germany and the Netherlands was already occupied, Japan forces could likely use their existing oil reserve to capture the vital oil wellsbut with the likely consequence of drawing the United States into war. The oil embargo placed on Japan by the US threatened Japan's expansion plan for its empire, so while they made diplomatic efforts to get the embargo lifted (on terms to still be allowed to take over desired territories), they prepared for war. Contrast the relationship between Caesar and Calpurnia with the relationship between Brutus and Portia. And, the restrictions were not lifted as a result of the attack. Those countries, along with Burma, supplied iron ore, and with Thailand supplied rubber. As a group of scholars wrote in the 1937 government-commissioned pamphlet, "Fundamentals of our National Policy": "Our present mission is to build a new Japanese culture by adopting and sublimating Western cultures with our national polity as the basisand to contribute spontaneously to the advancement of world culture. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Using the pretext of an attack on a Japanese railroad in Mukden (modern-day Shenyang) actually staged by a nationalistic Japanese officer, Japanese troops seized Manchuria, assaulted the Great Wall of China in 1933, and created the puppet state of Manchukuo. 18th and 19th centuries. Dr. Kallie Szczepanski is a history teacher specializing in Asian history and culture. About how long did the attack on Pearl Harbor last. Fearing that Japan might invade the West Coast of the United States, the government rounded up thousands of Japanese Americans who lived on the West Coast, and confined them to internment camps. https://www.thoughtco.com/japanese-aggression-in-world-war-ii-195806 (accessed May 1, 2023). They promised to end European colonialism in Asia or to "liberate East Asia from white invasion and oppression," as John Dower phrased it in "War Without Mercy." Direct link to Eden's post Why did japan not think a, Posted 3 years ago. As Nagumo was rearming Japanese planes for a second air attack, a Japanese scout plane spotted portions of the U.S. fleet, including USS Yorktown, to the east of Midway. The Japanese military had its sights set on grabbing more Chinese territory. Moreover, America was ill-inclined towards Tokyo due to increasing reports of Japanese atrocities which included massacres such as the rape of Nanjing and the operational, Japan would have to withdraw from its Empire unless it could get more oil. It was part of a first wave of nearly 200 aircraft, including torpedo planes, bombers, and fighters. Instead, on December 8, one day after the Japanese attack on December 7, the United States formally declared war on Japan. How long did the Pearl Harbor attack last? "What Motivated Japanese Aggression in World War II?" HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. Why did Japan attack China in 1937, launching the Second Sino-Japanese War? Updates? What day was Pearl Harbor attacked by the Japanese. They wanted to attack America so that they wouldn't get in their way of their expansion in Malaya and the rest of the pacific. Because they wanted to prevent the US from attacking Japan,they wanted to continue to take over countries in Southeast Asia. Just a few decades after the seismic shock of Commodore Perry's appearance in Tokyo Bay, Japan was on its way to building a true empire of its own. Two successful wars, against China in 1894-95 and the Russo-Japanese War in 1904-05, fueled these ambitions, as did Japans successful participation in World War I(1914-18) alongside the Allies. The Japanese had a reason to bomb Pearl Harbor because of the US oil embargo but why do they have to do that? Midway is located in the Pacific Ocean almost directly in between the United States and Japan. Three days later, Japans allies Germany and Italy declared war on the United States, and Congress reciprocated the same day. Which event led Europe toward World War II? Updated on July 03, 2019. Japan needed resources and we wouldn't really trade oil with them, Japanese didn't want US to join the war so they felt if they attacked then we wouldn't really fight back. Omissions? U.S. Navy cryptanalysts had begun breaking Japanese communication codes early in 1942, and knew for weeks ahead of time that Japan was planning an attack in the Pacific at a location they. This unsuccessful attack marked the first military engagement in the Battle of Midway. However, several anti-war politicians were brazenly assassinated by Japanese officers, and the civilian government came to be completely marginalized by the military. What happened at other military installations? Imperial Japan would have been far better off had it forgone the attack on Pearl Harbor and confined its operations to the Western Pacific. The Allies and Hitler reached an agreement that Hitler could keep the land he had already taken if he did not invade any more countries. In September 1940, Japan signed the Tripartite Pact with Germany and Italy, the two fascist regimes then at war with the Allies. Why was there no declaration of war before the attack? Posted 7 years ago. Japan wanted to take over the pacific and wanted to cripple America's military strength in the pacific. Japan saw the United States as a potential hindrance in their plan to conquer Malaya and the Dutch East Indies to secure needed resources. Fly on some of the same routes the Japanese attackers used into the airfields at Wheeler, Kneohe and Bellows. List the factors that led to the surprise strategical attack of Pearl Harbor. Under the "Setting" column, add information about life during the Pax Romana. Before the Pearl Harbor attack, tensions between Japan and the United States had been mounting for the better part of a decade. In order to ensure that the U.S. would not interfere with Japan's lightning-fast "Southern Expansion"in which it simultaneously struck the Philippines, Hong Kong, Singapore, and MalayaJapan decided to wipe out the U.S. Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor. Find and create gamified quizzes, lessons, presentations, and flashcards for students, employees, and everyone else. At the beginnig of the war, this strategy was working ,because Japan occupied nearby countries, but as the U.S recaptured this countries, Japan started to fall apart, because in a war such as world war 2 resources such as oil are desperately needed to keep communication lines and to maintain wartime production. On the line provided, write the correct form of sit or set. 30 seconds. To avoid being swallowed up by the imperial powers, Japan reformed its entire political system in the Meiji Restoration, modernized its armed forces and industry, and began to act like the European powers. Japans radio operators sent out a similar message about AF soon afterward, confirming the location of the planned attack. After inflicting severe damage to the U.S. base, the first Japanese attack ended by 7 a.m., leaving the airfield still useable and U.S. anti-aircraft defenses still functioning. Why did fascism appeal to Italians in the years after World War I? If Japan had so little resources how did they have the money to be having war with all these countries? . If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. "They lacked the firepower and manpower to invade the United States, or even . When World War II broke out, Japan, Germany, and Italy would ally themselves as the Axis Powers. Reporting to duty at Pearl Harbor Warbirds is like going back in time and immersing, Ford Island was at the center of the Pearl Harbor attack during World War II, Drawing on themes of strength, fear, freedom, symbolism, carelessness and minorities - these World War. Who were the two warring parties in the Spanish Civil War? Those are three reasons why Japan attacked Pearl Harbor. Why did Japan attack Pearl Harbor? What did the Japanese regard as the main purpose of the attack? The first Japanese dive-bomber appeared over Pearl Harbor at 7:55 am (local time). The United States also had an obvious interest in these natural resources, and in response to to the Japanese aggression, the U.S. Congress placed restrictions on doing business with Japan. The nearest producers of all of those goods were in Southeast Asia, whichconveniently enoughwas colonized at the time by the British, French, and Dutch. Japans civilian government was not universally supportive of the militarys aggressive campaigns. On this date 74 years ago, the US dropped the first of two atomic bombs on the Japanese city of Hiroshima, killing more than 70,000 people instantly. The Japanese government was also painfully aware that China, hitherto the great power in East Asia, had just been humiliated by Britain in the first Opium War. Following its attack on Pearl Harbor, Japan invaded ? Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/japanese-aggression-in-world-war-ii-195806. Image:The USS Arizona (BB-39) burning after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, 7 December 1941. Making them want revenge. In 1917, Vladimir Lenin created a new nation based on Marx's ideas. avarice: (a) greed, (b) sin, (c) generosity. Japan bombed Pearl Harbor for three reasons: a plan to create a new world order, the United States oil embargo, and the fear of the United States expansion of their naval fleet. Faced with severe shortages of oil and other natural resources and driven by the ambition to displace the United States as the dominant Pacific power, Japan decided to attack the United States and British forces in Asia and seize the resources of Southeast Asia. Why did Japan attack China in 1937, launching the Second Sino-Japanese War? After the Japanese invasion of China in 1937 and French Indochina in 1940, the United States began to restrict trade with Japan. In the first months after the attack on Pearl Harbor, Japan had great military success. Pearl Harbor attack, (December 7, 1941), surprise aerial attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor on Oahu Island, Hawaii, by the Japanese that precipitated the entry of the United States into World War II. hope i have helped =), I have read many other articles on WWII, and some of them have suggested that the US wanted to fight. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. The surprise attack by some 350 Japanese aircraft sunk or badly damaged eighteen US naval vessels, including eight battleships, destroyed or damaged 300 US aircraft, and killed 2,403 men. As to why some people wanted to fight, they saw the rising threat of fascism and wanted to counter it to protect the US. What strategy did the United States develop to help defeat Japan? blockade. By mid-1941 the United States had severed all economic relations with Japan and was providing material and financial support to China. 2. The conventional view, going back to the initial press coverage in 1945, was that the use of atomic weapons was justified as it ended a long and very costly war. The island nation of Japan, isolated from the rest of the world for much of its history, embarked on a period of aggressive expansion near the turn of the 20th century. By the end of 1941, only 1 European country had not fallen to the Germans. Military leaders and politicians saw a war between the U.S. and Japan as inevitable, with the solution being to attack first. Updated: May 13, 2020 | Original: April 10, 2018. Meanwhile, a wave of U.S. Devastator torpedo bombers from the U.S. carriers Hornet and Enterprise arrived to attack the Japanese ships. Hoping to replicate the success of the Pearl Harbor attack, Yamamoto decided to seek out and crush the rest of the U.S. Pacific fleet with a surprise attack aimed at the Allied base at Midway Island. Japanese attacks even reached to Australia in the south, the U.S. territory of Hawaii in the east, the Aleutian Islands of Alaska in the north, and as far west as British India in the Kohima campaign. Who did Japan attack? Tokyo trusted in the valor and prowess of its soldiers and the incompetence of its enemies rather than deciding to back down before a superior correlation of forces. Uncensored WWII-era surveys show US troops' surprising thoughts about Japan after the attack on Pearl Harbor. All Rights Reserved. Before the United States joined World War II in response to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, the great battle had been raging in Europe since 1939. 8. D. They agreed to focus efforts on the Pacific front first, then concentrate on the European front. blitzkrieg Which identifies a major difference between Franco's version of Fascism and Hitler's version? Web. The Japanese bombers missed oil tanks, ammunition sites and repair facilities, and not a single U.S. aircraft carrier was present during the attack. What was the US policy of not intervening in world conflicts and avoiding foreign alliances in the 1920s-1930s? See Pearl Harbor and Oahu from the air as the Army and Navy airmen saw it. The Japanese war plan, aimed at the American, British, and Dutch possessions in the Pacific and in Southeast Asia, was of a rather makeshift character. The United States still marks December 7th every year as the anniversary of Pearl Harbor. What happened to each of them? Japan saw the United States as a potential hindrance in their plan to conquer Malaya and the Dutch East Indies to secure needed resources. There was also an embargo on steel. The United St, Posted 3 years ago. Hitler used notions of German racial superiority and need for land to justify the occupation of Poland. Direct link to 825728's post What was a Japanese Inter, Posted 2 years ago. The reason the US didn't join the war until it was attacked was that people still remembered the atrocities from WWI and didn't want to sacrifice more American lives to protect other countries. The strike climaxed a decade of worsening relations between the United States and Japan. He currently writes on security and military history for War Is Boring. Each would also act ruthlessly against what it considered to be lesser peoples. Andrew Lambert, The Battle of Midway. BBC, February 17, 2011. What social and economic effects did the Black Death have on Europe? Also, the Japanese felt they could beat the US. In the ensuing Meiji Restoration, the Japanese Emperor seized power from the feudal shogunate and implemented a policy of rapid modernization to avoid being exploited by Western imperialists as, In practice, this meant Japan not only industrialized and modernized its armed forces, but also sought its share of colonial spoils. Direct link to lighnkwo4's post does this quote, "a day t, Posted 3 years ago. what was the motive for Japan to attack pearl harbor. And finally, once expected U.S. reinforcements from Pearl Harbor arrived, a joint strike by Nagumos forces and Yamamotos own fleet, which would be waiting 600 miles to the west. What motives did Japan have in attacking the US naval base at Pearl Harbor? Before dawn the next day, more B-17s left Midway for a second attack on the Japanese invasion force, also unsuccessful. As the Second Sino-Japanese War dragged on, Japan was able to conquer coastal China, but both the Nationalist and Communist armies of China put up an unexpectedly effective defense of the vast interior. All previous domestic opposition to US entry into the war ceased. https://www.britannica.com/question/Why-did-Japan-attack-Pearl-Harbor. The Japanese believed that once the U.S. Pacific Fleet was neutralized, all of Southeast Asia would be open for conquest. How many battleships were in the area known as "Battleship Row"? By the photograph of the pig,farmers signed their names. Japans Pacific-spanning Empire depended on oiland Japan had been importing 80 percent of it from the United States. On June 6, Yamamoto ordered his ships to retreat, ending the Battle of Midway. Until American Commodore Matthew C. Perry arrived on Japan's shore in 1853, Japan had been a mostly closed country for the previous 250 years, strictly regulating interactions and trade with foreigners. Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, Hideki Tj. 2023, A&E Television Networks, LLC. What Motivated Japanese Aggression in World War II? Why exactly did Japan elect to attack a country with twice the population, five times the steel production and seventeen times the gross national income? The scene changed and afterwards, Japanese bombers flew over U.S. Islands in the Pacific and the bombs, such as these, left the planes aimed at the Pearl Harbor Naval base and other Strategic U.S. defense points in the Pacific. The Japanese Empire's triumphs in the First Sino-Japanese War (1894 to 1895) and the Russo-Japanese War (1904 to 1905) marked its debut as a true world power. He has also worked in education, editing, and refugee resettlement in France and the United States. Direct link to 26eheaton's post Also because the U.S. was. The Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion. \underline{\hspace{1cm}} Geronimo defended his homeland against colonization by Mexicans and North Americans. In each of the following sentences, Identify the underlined pronoun by writing above It DEM for demonstrative pronoun, INTER for interrogative pronoun, or REL for relative pronoun. Some Americans supported it because they believed it was our job to protect democracy around the world. In 1894-95, the Japanese fleet defeated a beleaguered China, then effectively seized and colonized the Hermit Kingdom of Korea. Negotiations to solve their differences had not been going well. In attacking Pearl Harbor the Japanese hoped to cripple or destroy the US Pacific fleet so that the Japanese navy would have free reign in the Pacific. A second bomb followed three days later over . 2. This intensified the Japanese need for rubber from Malaya and oil from the Dutch East Indies. At 8:15 am Hiroshima time, "Little Boy" was dropped. When Japanese bombers appeared in the skies over Pearl Harboron the morning of December 7, 1941, the U.S. military was completely unprepared for the devastating surprise attack, which dramatically altered the course of World War II, especially in the Pacific theater. Journey through the "day that will live in infamy" by exploring the details that still surprise us 75 years later, including accounts from experts, military minds, and even those who lived through it. Finally, after Japanese forces invaded French Indochina (modern Vietnam and Cambodia) in June 1941, President Roosevelt implemented a ban on iron, steel and oil exports to Japan jointly with Australia and the United Kingdom. Japan pursued an aggressive military policy at the time it invaded China. Learn why Japan attacked Pearl Harbor causing the United States to join Allied forces in World War II. Use the clues to complete the crossword puzzle. Had Tokyo exercised some forbearance, it may have . Three major interrelated factors contributed to Japan's aggression during and in the lead-up to World War II. It is the idea that Jews betrayed Germany by orchestrating its defeat in World War I. Not only did Japanese people adopt western clothing and haircuts, but Japan demanded and received a slice of the Chinese pie when the former eastern superpower was divided into spheres of influence at the end of the nineteenth century. Complete the puzzles, and then check each other's answers. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. The sights, sounds and smells of the military aircraft with its radial engine provide the experience of a lifetime. Did the Pearl Harbor attack signal the beginning of World War II for the United States? b. The United States had broken the Japanese diplomatic code in project Magic, and General George Marshall, having been handed a decoded Japanese message on the very day of the attack, had sent word to the US base at Pearl Harbor prior to the assault to be on the alert. Atmospheric conditions delayed transmission of Marshalls message, and it did not arrive until after the attack. Why was the US fighting Japan in ww2? Each of these three countries felt threatened by the established imperial powers of Europe, and each responded with assertions of its own people's inherent superiority. They took the lives of more than 2,500 Americans and destroyed 18 ships and about 300 airplanes. Also because the U.S. was suffering from the great depression and a war would cause worse conditions. The day after roughly 350 Japanese warplanes came screaming down over Pearl Harbor and sank or crippled eight of the U.S. Pacific Fleets battleships over a span of ninety minutes, Japanese newspapers published a statement by Emperor Hirohito declaring war with the United States and the United Kingdom and outlining its rationale for the attack. That is not to say that all Japanese were ultra-nationalist or racist, by any means. Japan would have to withdraw from its Empire unless it could get more oil. Direct link to Phuong Phan's post The Japanese had a reason, Posted 6 years ago. Japans efforts to establish clear naval and air superiority in the western Pacific first hit a snag in the Battle of the Coral Sea in May 1942, when the U.S. fleet turned back a Japanese invasion force headed for New Guinea. At the outset, U.S. officials viewed developments in China with ambivalence. Web. Indeed, in the eight hours following the Pearl Harbor attack, Japan also attacked British-held Singapore, Hong Kong, and Malaya, and the US territorial possessions of the Philippines, Guam, and Wake Island. Why were the United States Pacific Fleet and other military installations caught off guard? But the Japanese invasion of China caused relations with Washington to deteriorate. Szczepanski, Kallie. Direct link to 825728's post Was Midway a U.S controll, Posted 2 years ago. Delete ( ) unnecessary commas. Japan tried to capture resources from other nations they invaded. Primary Image: The US pursued a two-pronged offensive across the central and southwest Pacific to roll back the Japanese advance. Military leaders also underestimated how quickly and fiercely the United States would react to the Pearl Harbor attack. The United States was a neutral country at the time; the attack led to its formal entry into World War II on the side of the Allies the next day. Direct link to Stephen White's post Midway was claimed by the, Posted 3 years ago. 4. There was a convenient supply of oil nearby at hand in the Dutch colonies of the East Indies. While the United States hoped embargoes on oil and other key goods would lead Japan to halt its expansionism, the sanctions and other penalties actually convinced Japan to stand its ground, and stirred up the anger of its people against continued Western interference in Asian affairs. Who were the major leaders of the Axis powers? How did the Japanese justify such an attack? Updated: December 17, 2019 | Original: October 29, 2009. Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Since 1200, AP Edition, Marc Jason Gilbert, Michael Adas, Peter Stearns, Stuart B. Schwartz. 7. Add information about additional characters to your chart. With the arrival of Perry, Japan realized they were behind the Western world (Europe and America), and from the start of the Meiji (Enlightenment) Era in 1868, Japan began sending people to Europe and America to learn everything they could in order to catch up with the West. Relations between the United States and Japan had been worseningJapan had invaded China in 1937 and then, in 1940, allied itself with Italy and Germanybut the attack was a shock. However, while the Sphere did attract some supporters such as Thai Prime Minister Plaek Phibunsongkhram, in practice the Co-Prosperity Sphere simply meant exchanging one form of foreign exploitation for another. One of the motives was to strike a blow for a rising empire (Japan) against one that was already well established in the Pacific (the USA). It attacked each of the targets on Dec. 7, 1941 on the American side of the International Date Line, which was Dec. 8 in East Asia. Franklin D. Roosevelt Library. Proudly, the Japanese Army author ties sent out this bombing photograph as the Akiyama Squadron of Japanese planes, as they bombed an objective in China. Another was to divert American power until Japan could secure resource-rich territories from the French and Dutch empires in south-east Asia. They declared war on Japan the next day Direct link to hamza khan's post what was the motive for J, Posted 3 years ago. Why did Japan attack the United States in 1941? Only the United States Navy was a formidable threat, and Japan's plans included a sneak attack to cripple our Pacific fleet. For each of the following sentences, underline each subject once and each verb twice. By mid-1941 the United States had severed all economic relations with Japan and was providing material and financial support to China.
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